Cross-Cultural Understanding
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So as we all know, Cross-Cultural Understanding is one of the courses in the English Department. Cross-cultural understanding means
understanding the culture, of the target people so that we can reconstruct our
attitudes and world views; consequently,
we become more tolerant and more generous toward strange ways that may be shown
by the target language people. Also, the importance of understanding
other cultures will avoid misunderstanding and make inappropriate value judgments. Therefore, in
the end, we are not considered that our culture is better than other cultures. Cross-cultural understanding is concerned with understanding people from different cultural backgrounds/cultures of the people so we can construct our attitudes and worldview, more tolerable and generous toward strange ways that may be shown by other citizens of another country. If a person from an alien culture misinterprets a complex pattern of culture, then cross-cultural misunderstanding arises.  Culture refers to all aspect
of life in a community it
involves :
Ø Ways of doing things. Ø Ways of expressing at a thing. Ø Ways of looking at things. Ø What things they should value. Ø What is expected from and what they may expect from others. Ø Even belief and prejudice. - Although some student of the English program show their linguistic competence a lot e.g their talking is grammatically correct, their conversation may sound improper even strange. - Lacking cultural knowledge contributes to improper use of the language. One cultural factor may cause someone to seem intolerant dan less generous to other cultures. They need for interpreting behavior, attitudes, and communication style of people from different cultures correctly. Elements
of culture  Social organization Creates social structure by organizing its members into small units to find the basic needs. Family patterns : family is the most important part of social organization. Through the family, children can learn how they are expected to act, behave, and what to believe in their life. Customs and tradition Rules of behavior are enforced ideas
of right and wrong. They could be customs, traditions, rules, or even written laws. Religion Religions are usually used to answers basic questions about the meaning of life. Supports the values that groups of people feeling are important. Religion is often becoming a reason why there are conflicts between cultures. Language Language
is the cornerstone of culture. All cultures have a mother language (even if
there are no developed forms of writing). Some people who speak the same language
often share the same culture. Art and literature They are the product of human
imaginations. They can help us pass on the culture’s basic beliefs. Examples :
art, music, literature, and folk tales. Forms of government A group of people forms governments to provide
for their common needs, keep order within a society, and protect their society
from outside threats. -
Definition of government : 1. Person/people
who hold power in a society 2. Economic system How people use limited resources to satisfy their wants and needs. Answers the basic questions: what produces, how to produces it, and for whom. Market economy buying and selling goods and services Aspect of culture -
Surface culture Tangible
things related to a group of people Ø Food
: food and culinary contributions Ø Holidays
: patriotic holidays, religious observations, and personal rites and
celebrations Ø Arts
: traditions and contemporary music, visual and performing arts and drama Ø Folklore
: folk tales, legends, and oral history Ø History
: historical and humanitarian, contributions, and social and political
movements Ø Personalities
: historical, contemporary, and local figures -
Deep culture Deals with the feelings and attitudes
that we learn by being members of particular groups Ø Ceremony
: what a person is to say and do on particular occasions Ø Courtship
and marriage: attitudes toward dating, marriage, and raising a family Ø Aesthetics
: the beautiful things of culture such as literature, music, dance, art
architecture, and how they are enjoyed Ø Ethics
: how a person learns and practices honesty, fair play principles, moral
thoughts, etc. Ø Family
ties: how a person feels toward his or her family, friends, classmates,
roommates and others Ø Health
& medicine: how a person reacts to sickness, death, soundness of mind and
body, medicine, etc Ø Folk
myths: attitudes toward heroes, traditional stories, legendary characters,
superstitions, etc Ø Gestures
& kinesics: forms of nonverbal communication or reinforced speech, such as
the use of the eyes, the hands, and the body. Ø Grooming
and presence: the cultural differences in personal behavior and appearance,
such as laughter, smile, voice quality, gait, poise, hairstyle, cosmetics,
dress, etc. Ø Ownership
: attitudes toward ownership of property, individual rights, localities,
beliefs, etc. Ø Precedence
: accepted manners toward older persons, peers, and younger people. Ø Rewards
& privileges: attitudes toward motivation, merit, achievement, service,
social position, etc. Ø Rights
& duties: attitudes toward personal obligations, voting taxes, military
service, legal rights, personal demands, etc. Ø Religion
: attitudes toward the divine and the supernatural and how they affect a
person’s thoughts and actions. Ø Sex
roles: how a person views, understand and relates to a member of the opposite
sex and what deviations are allowed and expected. Ø Space
& proxemics: attitudes toward self and land; the accepted distances
between individuals within a culture. Ø Subsistence
: attitudes about providing for oneself, the young, the old, and who protects whom
Ø Taboos
: attitudes and beliefs about doing things against culturally accepted patterns. Ø Concepts
of time: attitudes toward being early, on time, or late. Ø Values
: attitudes toward freedom, education, cleanliness, cruelty, crime, etc.
Source : 1. https://www.townofsaintandrews.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/puzzle.jpg 2. https://cdn.uconnectlabs.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/21/2017/06/internationalch2.jpg 3. https://www.performancelearn.com/wp-content/uploads/bigstock-Peacce-Concept-With-Earth-Glob-84435263.jpg 4. https://www.scribd.com/document/216977410/Elements-of-culture-docx 5. https://quizlet.com/312496730/international-studies-culture-test-910-flash-cards/ 6. https://quizlet.com/364468100/social-studies-flash-cards/ 7. https://www.womenofthewhirlwind.com/the-7-elements-of-culture/ 8. https://quizlet.com/454277322/culture-exam-study-guide-flash-cards/ 9. https://www.scribd.com/document/261531223/ch-2Question-nd-Discussio1 10. https://quizlet.com/318626551/7-elements-of-culture-flash-cards/ 11. http://uuooidata.org/course/sns/s026/Lecture%20IV%20Culture.pdf 12. https://quizlet.com/403221641/parts-of-culture-notes-gardner-flash-cards/ |
what are examples of art and literature in South Korea?
BalasHapusan example for art is south korean traditional dance called Buchaechum that usually performed by group of female dancer with folk song or instrumental solo accompaniment. as for the literature there is one called Samguk yusa or Memorabilia of Three Kingdom which is a collection of legends, folktales and historical accounts relating to the Three Kingdoms of Korea (Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla), as well as to other periods and states before, during and after the Three Kingdoms period.
Hapus